The present invention discloses a brake beam fatigue test stand, for simultaneously testing a fatigue strength of two brake beams, comprise: a base, and four upright columns vertical to the base and arranged on the base at intervals; a first tangential load actuator is mounted vertically between the first upright column and the second upright column, with simulated wheels being mounted on a front side and a rear side of a bottom of the actuator; a pressure load actuator is mounted vertically between the second upright column and the third upright column; a second tangential load actuator is mounted vertically between the third upright column and the fourth upright column, with simulated wheels being mounted on a front side and a rear side of a bottom of the actuator; the stiffness of the test stand in vertical and transverse directions is enhanced.