An apparatus that detects a road surface on the basis of a parallax image around a vehicle, the road surface detection apparatus includes an ECU configured to determine on the basis of parallax information of the parallax image whether a unit area is a road surface area for each unit area of the parallax image associates each unit area with a grid in a map on the basis of parallax information and coordinate position of the unit area, an eye point of the map being set so as to be higher than an eye point of the parallax image, the map being obtained by partitioning an area around the vehicle in a grid, and detect road surface grids and each grid located between the road surface grids as the road surface, the road surface grids being the grids corresponding to the unit areas determined as the road surface areas.