A surgical targeting system of an intramedullary nail, which includes an extracorporeally arranged external transmitting unit. Further included is a plurality of first transponder units coupled with and arrayed along the length of the intramedullary nail, each adapted to be actuated by the external transmitting unit. Additionally, a plurality of holes are disposed within and arrayed along the length of the intramedullary nail. Each of the plurality of holes are situated between each of the plurality of first transponder units. Further, a first transmission section is between the external transmitting unit and each of the plurality of first transponder units via which the plurality of first transponder units are actuated. Additionally included is a second transmission section through the intramedullary nail between the plurality of first transponder units and a second transponder unit.