A method and apparatus for transmitting multimedia data are provided. A first device, which provides an audio signal to a second device, includes: a control unit that divides an audio signal input to the first device into a plurality of audio frames, compares a current audio frame among the plurality of audio frames with the at least one previous audio frame prestored in the memory of the first device, and selects one of the prestored previous audio frames based on similarity of the prestored previous audio frame and the current audio frame; and a communication unit that transmits an identification value of the selected previous audio frame to the second device.