A method is disclosed for enabling device-to-device, D2D, communication when a communicating device is out of public land mobile network, PLMN, coverage for a first radio access technology, RAT. The method comprises scanning a carrier associated with a carrier predetermined for D2D communication for any signals, and if the scanning determines that D2D communication is present on the carrier, initiating out-of-coverage D2D communication, or if the scanning cannot determine that D2D communication is present on the carrier, determining a signal strength of other signals on the carrier and if the signal strength is below a threshold initiating out-of-coverage D2D communication. Alternatively, the method comprises scanning a carrier for at least a second RAT, and if a second RAT is detected, determining a PLMN of the detected RAT and accessing data on the determined PLMN about out-of-coverage D2D permissions, and if out-of-coverage D2D communication is permitted in the determined PLMN initiating out-of-coverage D2D communication. A communication device and computer program accordingly are also disclosed.