The present embodiments provide for a syringe and a retraction plunger assembly configured to accept various retractable needle assemblies, which are capable of cooperating to provide a retraction safety syringe. In particular, the syringe includes a barrel and a retraction plunger assembly comprising a control unit attached to a plunger and releasably engaged to a housing, and at least one biasing means disposed within the plunger assembly. Upon completion of dose delivery via a retractable needle, the control unit disengages from housing and the biasing member retracts the plunger and a connected needle into the barrel. Various elements are configured to prevent further use of the syringe. The control unit can be used to control a rate of needle retraction.