An image processing device includes circuitry to segment an image corresponding to input image data into a black text area including black text and a non-black text area of the image data other than the black text area, perform a first type of color correction on pixel data items in the black text area and a second type of color correction on pixel data items in the non-black text area to generate a processed image, and determine whether or not the image is a color image using the processed image. The second type of color correction is different from the first type of color correction.