A bullet collecting robot comprises a bullet collecting device, a travel driving mechanism, and a controller. The bullet collecting device comprises a collection bin including a bullet accommodating cavity and a collection opening in communication with the bullet accommodating cavity, a friction roller provided at the collection opening, and a collection driving member connected with the friction roller. The travel driving mechanism is configured to drive the bullet collecting device to move. The controller is connected in communication with the collection driving member and the travel driving mechanism, and is configured to control the collection driving member and the travel driving mechanism.