A lithium ion battery component includes a support selected from the group consisting of a current collector, a negative electrode, and a porous polymer separator. A lithium donor is present i) as an additive with a non-lithium active material in a negative electrode on the current collector, or ii) as a coating on at least a portion of the negative electrode, or iii) as a coating on at least a portion of the porous polymer separator. The lithium donor has a formula selected from the group consisting of Li8-yMyP4, wherein M is Fe, V, or Mn and wherein y ranges from 1 to 4; Li10-yTiyP4, wherein y ranges from 1 to 2; LixP, wherein 0