A low frequency antenna for radiating/receiving an electromagnetic wave is provided. One exemplary antenna comprises a feed port; an antenna conductor connected to the feed port; and an encapsulation at least partially surrounding the antenna conductor. The low frequency antenna comprises different functional materials used in fabrication of the wave-matching encapsulation enclosing the antenna conductor in order to match the wavelength of the compressed wave to the physical size of the resonant antenna, to match the wave impedance within encapsulation and impedance of the outer medium, to enhance the directivity gain by using non-uniform distribution of the material parameters and minimize the intrinsic impedance mismatch between the region of the encapsulation which is forming the compressed wave and the outer medium.