A first super-resolution enlarger (103) works on moving pictures input with a standard resolution, implementing a process for a super-resolution enlargement including information on frequency components in the spatial and temporal directions that has been potentially contained in the input moving pictures but unable to express to a sufficient degree by the standard resolution, and provides super-resolution enlarged signals, which are returned to the standard resolution at a first resolution converter (104). The super-resolution enlarged signals as returned to the standard resolution are encoded at a second encoder (107). A first encoder (102) encodes moving pictures input with the standard resolution, and a multiplexer (109) multiplexes a sequence of encoded bits from a first encoder (102), a sequence of encoded bits from the second encoder (107), and the like. The second encoder (107) employs local decoded signals in the first encoder (102) or processed signals thereof, as reference signals.