A headphone detector including a headphone and a processor. The headphone has a microphone and a speaker, and the microphone is configured to generate an audio signal based on an output of the speaker. The processor is configured to receive the audio signal, determine a characteristic of the audio signal, and assess whether the headphone is on ear or off ear based on a comparison of the characteristic to a threshold. The threshold corresponds to one or more of an audio response of the audio signal at a corresponding frequency and an audio response of a feedback microphone signal at a corresponding frequency, under one or more known conditions.