Provided is a method for producing an aqueous pigment dispersion including a step of dispersing a mixture containing a pigment, an anionic group-containing organic polymer compound, a basic compound, and from 1% to 500% by mass of alkylene oxide adduct having a polyamine structure with respect to the pigment into water. The step of dispersing includes Step 1 of kneading a mixture which contains a pigment, an anionic group-containing organic polymer compound, a basic compound, and from 1% to 500% by mass of alkylene oxide adduct having a polyamine structure with respect to the pigment, and which contains no water or water equal to or less than 30% by mass with respect to a solid content thereof, and Step 2 of dispersing a kneaded material obtained in Step 1 into water.