Disclosed is a method for wireless typology discovery for train backbone networks. The method comprises steps of: receiving a data from a neighboring backbone node (BN), by a BN in a train backbone network through one directional antenna of at least one pair of directional antennas provided thereon; recording a receiving direction of said data, and determining said data to be a hello frame or a typology frame; performing neighbor discovery or topology discovery based on the type of said data; in neighbor discovery phase, performing a pair consistency check with respect to all the data received by the BN from a same direction, so as to identify a neighboring BN of the BN, and at the same time, stopping receiving hello frames from said direction by the BN; in typology discovery phase, updating a local typology table of the current BN based on the received typology frames; and performing a topology convergence check to see if any change occurs to the local typology table of the current BN, and if no change occurs, reporting on the status of the typology discovery phase to an up-level application.