A refrigerator appliance having an ice storage bin is generally provided herein. A door may define a bin opening and a dispenser recess to a cabinet of the refrigerator appliance. A dispensing assembly may be positioned within the dispenser recess and define an ice delivery passage. The ice storage bin may define a storage cavity in selective communication with an icemaker to receive ice therefrom. The ice storage bin may be in further communication with the dispensing assembly to direct ice to the ice delivery passage. The ice storage bin may be mounted to the door and selectively accessible through the bin opening.