The invention relates to a process for dyeing keratin fibers by treating said fibers with i) at least one aromatic compound comprising a hydrocarbon-based polycycle comprising at least 10 carbon atoms, at least one of the rings of which is aromatic, ii) at least one indol(in)e compound; optionally iii) at least one metal salt, iv) at least hydrogen peroxide or at least one hydrogen peroxide-generating system and v) at least one basifying agent; to a dye composition comprising ingredients i) and ii), and optionally iii) to v) as defined previously and to a kit comprising ingredients i) to v) as defined previously. This hair dyeing process makes it possible to obtain better colorings which are more uniform, chromatic and long-lasting and which do not impair the cosmetic properties of the keratin fibers, and prevents changing of the color associated with the presence of indol(in)e derivatives.