A cleaning blade has a contact portion contacting a surface of an image bearing body. The contact portion removes a developer remaining on the surface of the image bearing body when the image bearing body rotates. Using coefficients α and β and a temperature T, a loss elastic modulus E″ of the cleaning blade is represented by: E″=α×eβT; 1.36×103≤α≤2.24×109; −0.12≤β≤−0.005; and 0° C.≤T≤100° C.