Embodiments of the present invention provide a data transmission method and user equipment. The method includes: obtaining, by first user equipment, time resource grouping information, where the time resource grouping information includes time resource numbers in N time resource groups, and N is a positive integer; sending, by the first user equipment, an indication signal, where the indication signal indicates one or more time resource numbers; determining, by the first user equipment according to the time resource grouping information and the one or more time resource numbers indicated by the indication signal, time resources occupied by a data signal in the N time resource groups; and sending, by the first user equipment, the data signal by using the time resources occupied by the data signal in the N time resource groups. In the embodiments of the present invention, energy consumption of a receive end can be reduced.