A method for aperiodically reporting channel status in a wireless communication system, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises the steps of: sending, to a base station, terminal performance information containing information about the computing capability of maximum aperiodic channel state information (CSI); receiving an aperiodic CSI reporting request from the base station; and computing an aperiodic CSI corresponding to the aperiodic CSI reporting request on the basis of the computing or reporting capability of the maximum aperiodic CSI, and sending the aperiodic CSI to the base station, wherein information about the computing or reporting capability of the maximum aperiodic CSI can include the number N of CSI processes which the terminal can compute simultaneously, N being an integer equal to or greater than 1.