In accordance with an embodiment, described herein is a system and method for enabling persistence of application data, using replication over a remote direct memory access (RDMA) network. In an enterprise application server or other environment having a plurality of processing nodes, a replicated store enables application data to be written using remote direct memory access to the random access memory (RAM) of a set of nodes, which avoids single points of failure. Replicated store daemons allocate and expose memory to client applications via network endpoints, at which data operations such as reads and writes can be performed, in a manner similar to a block storage device. Resilvering can be used to copy data from one node to another, if it is determined that the number of data replicas within a particular set of nodes is not sufficient to meet the persistence requirements of a particular client application.