A device for checking the refractive power distribution and/or centering of a spectacle lens is disclosed. The device includes a holder for arranging the spectacle lens in a measuring position, a display device for displaying a test structure, and an image capture device for capturing an actual image of the test structure for an imaging beam passing through the spectacle lens arranged in the measurement position. The display device simultaneously displays the captured actual image and a target complement image complementary to a target image of the test structure, wherein the target image of the test structure is that image which would arise for an imaging beam passing through a spectacle lens, arranged in a predefined target measuring position, with a predefined target refractive power distribution. The corresponding method for checking the refractive power distribution and/or centering of a spectacle lens is also disclosed.