An optimization method for a brightness compensation data volume, including: providing a to-be-compensated panel, where the to-be-compensated panel has a brightness compensation data memory storing a plurality of pieces of brightness compensation data of the to-be-compensated panel; externally connecting a data processor, where the data processor includes an external memory, and the external memory stores a piece of determination information for determining whether the pieces of brightness compensation data need to be compensated; reading, by the data processor, the pieces of brightness compensation data, classifying, according to the determination information, the pieces of brightness compensation data into a plurality of pieces of to-be-compensated data and a plurality of pieces of not-to-be-compensated data, and storing the plurality of pieces of to-be-compensated data and not-to-be-compensated data after determination into the external memory; and reading and storing, by the brightness compensation data memory, the pieces of to-be-compensated data in the external memory.