In an example embodiment, a computer-implemented method comprises obtaining labels from messages associated with an email service provider, wherein the labels indicate for each message IP how many spam and non-spam messages have been received; obtaining network data features from a cloud service provider; providing the labels and network data features to a machine learning application; generating a prediction model representing an algorithm for determining whether a particular set of network data features are spam or not; applying the prediction model to network data features for an unlabeled message; and generating an output of the prediction model indicating a likelihood that the unlabeled message is spam.