A multi-core optical fiber connection device comprises a first multi-core optical fiber connector and a second multi-core optical fiber connector. The first multi-core optical fiber connector comprises a first joint unit. The second multi-core optical fiber connector comprises a second joint unit. The second contact receptacle unit comprises a movable jacket and a movable ring. As long as the movable ring is pulled, the first joint unit is pushed by the movable jacket so that the first multi-core optical fiber connector and the second multi-core optical fiber connector are separated from each other, which achieves the effect that the first multi-core optical fiber connector and the second multi-core optical fiber connector are quickly connected with each other and separated from each other by one-hand operation.