A two-dimensional dot matrix barcode encoding method comprises: forming a plurality of coordinate calibration blocks, a plurality of data storage blocks, a first indication block and a second indication block respectively by filling code points into the virtual code point storage blocks, wherein the first indication block and the plurality of coordinate calibration blocks are filled with a code point located in the center of the virtual code point storage blocks; and forming, by means of a combination of the first indication block and the second indication block, a direction and coordinate indication set indicative of a direction and a coordinate, wherein the second indication block is not filled with a code point or is filled, in the center thereof, with an ink code point capable of reflecting a light having a specific wavelength, and the plurality of coordinate calibration blocks are separated from each other.