Wheel diameter compensation method and apparatus for a robot, wherein the method comprises: receiving, by a robot at a first location point in a work place where multiple location points are set, a travel instruction, sent from a server, wherein the travel instruction instructs it to travel to a second location point and includes a distance between the first and the second location points and a travel direction towards the second location point from the first location point; acquiring, by the robot, a travelling deviation corresponding to travelling from the first location point to the second location point, the travelling deviation being a difference between a theoretical distance and an actual distance corresponding to actual number of tire revolutions of the robot; and correcting, by the robot, a current wheel diameter of the robot based on the travelling deviation and the distance between the first and the second location points.