A metal chip conveyor having an internal chip removal structure includes an endless conveyor belt. An accommodating room of a machine body is divided into an inner space and an outer space. Two sides of the conveyor belt are provided with chains each having chain links. Each chain link has a first opening facing the inner space and a second opening facing the outer space. Two support bushes are disposed at opposite sides of the casing. The conveyor belt passes around the support bushes and is supported by the support bushes. The support bushes cover the first openings of the chain links corresponding in position to the support bushes when the conveyor belt is running, thereby preventing the metal chips in the chain links from falling back into the inner space through the first openings and ensuring that the metal chips in the inner space to be discharged stably.