Disclosed in the present invention is micellar polypeptide vaccine having pegylated phospholipid as carrier. The vaccine can prevent or treat tumors or can be used as combination formulation with anti-cancer activity formulation. The micellar polypeptide vaccine is formed of self-assembling pegylated phospholipid (PEG-PE) and antigenic polypeptides, the pegylated phospholipid being compound formed of polyethylene glycol (hydrophilic blocks) covalently bonded to nitrogenous bases on phospholipid molecule (hydrophobic blocks). The particle diameter of the micellar vaccine is 10-100 nm, and the antigenic polypeptides carried therein are polypeptides of 5-100 amino acids. The micellar polypeptide vaccine may also contain immunoadjuvant.