An audio signal classification method and apparatus includes determining, according to voice activity of a current audio frame, whether to obtain a frequency spectrum fluctuation of the current audio frame and store the frequency spectrum fluctuation in a frequency spectrum fluctuation memory, updating, according to whether the audio frame is percussive music or activity of a historical audio frame, the frequency spectrum fluctuations stored in the frequency spectrum fluctuation memory, and classifying the current audio frame as a speech frame or a music frame according to statistics of a part or all of effective data of the frequency spectrum fluctuations that is stored in the frequency spectrum fluctuation memory.