A mechanism for locking and unlocking a photoelectric module, comprising: a base, and a handle, a clipping cover (3), a lock latch (4) and a hood placed above the base—the base is provided with a cuboid-shaped lock latch limiting slot and two sides of the lock latch limiting slot latch turning slots (1-3); an upper end on a left side face of the base (1) is provided with a handle turning slot a left end of the lock latch is a handle fitting position (4-1), an upper bottom face of a right end of the lock latch is provided with a tab (4-3), and lock latch rotation shafts (4-2)are provided between the handle fitting position and the tab solves the problems of restricted internal room of the tube shell and complicated tube shell installation procedure.