The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition, which comprises a Stemonae Radix extract, for preventing or treating the occurrence of inflammatory bowel diseases due to cigarette smoke, a method for preventing or treating the occurrence of inflammatory bowel diseases using the composition, a method for suppressing the expression of inflammatory cytokines using the composition, and to a food composition, which comprises the Stemonae Radix extract, for preventing or treating the occurrence of inflammatory bowel diseases due to cigarette smoke. The pharmaceutical composition comprising the Stemonae Radix extract, according to the present invention, reduces the level of MMP12 expression that is known to destroy IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, which are inflammatory cytokines that accompany the inflammatory bowel diseases, and elastin and collagen, and can suppress decrease in the number of lactobacilli in the intestine, and thus can be widely used in developing a safe and effective inflammatory bowel diseases treating agent.