Disclosed is an ultrasonic short-range wireless power transmission system comprising: an ultrasonic transmission transducer configured to transmit power, wherein the ultrasonic transmission transducer comprises: a converter configured to convert power received from an external power source; a controller configured to control power of a modulator and power of an amplifier; a communication unit configured to communicate with an external reception transducer; a sensor configured to sense ultrasonic waves transferred from an ultrasonic wave emission region; the modulator electrically connected to the controller and configured to generate a signal for ultrasonic short-range wireless power transmission; and the amplifier configured to amplify a modulation signal generated by the modulator and convert the modulation signal into power; and one or more transmission modules configured to receive the power from the amplifier and convert an electrical reception signal into ultrasonic waves.