A method for post-processing a colored zirconium oxide ceramic, the method comprising: putting the colored zirconium oxide ceramic along with a deoxidant into a heating device, conducting a firing process at a preset temperature, and a colorant containing Pr3+ is used for the coloring, and the deoxidant is excessive with respect to a stoichiometric amount of oxygen in the heating device. The technical solution can completely replace Fe3+ with Pr3+ to color the zirconium oxide ceramic yellow.