A backplane structure includes: a backplane; an electronic board having a plurality of first through-holes and a plurality of second through-holes spaced apart from the plurality of the first through-holes, the first through-holes each having a rectangular cross section; a plurality of strutting components, a plurality of connecting pieces, and a plurality of locking components, wherein the plurality of strutting components and the plurality of locking components are both disposed at positions corresponding to the second through-holes and the first through-holes on the backplane, respectively, the plurality of strutting components are fixedly connected to the electronic board via the plurality of connecting pieces, each of the locking components includes an inwardly concave locking slot disposed in a side surface of the locking component perpendicular to the backplane, and each of the locking components is locked with the electronic board via each of first through-holes.