The present application discloses a storage device and a block storage method based on the storage device, wherein disk space of the storage device includes a data area having a plurality of end-to-end adjacent data block units, each of which includes a metadata block and a data block adjacent to each other; wherein the data block with a first preset capacity is configured to store target data, and the metadata block with a second preset capacity is configured to store information of the target data. With the storage device, metadata is stored in a distributed manner, wherein each of the metadata blocks and the data blocks are stored as a whole. The address offset of updating metadata after writing data is thus reduced, and the metadata update efficiency, as well as the overall storage performance of the storage device are improved. In addition, with the metadata stored in this distributed manner, the probability of data unavailability due to continuous damage of a plurality of metadata blocks is greatly reduced, and the defects in the prior art that the intact data blocks cannot store data normally due to continuous damage of a plurality of metadata is overcome.