A carbon dioxide capture system includes a fuel cell assembly comprising an anode section and a cathode section; an electrochemical hydrogen separator (EHS) configured to receive an anode exhaust stream from the anode section of the fuel cell assembly, and generate a first EHS output stream comprising hydrogen, and a second EHS output stream comprising concentrated carbon dioxide; and a liquid-vapor separator (LVS) configured to receive the second EHS output stream, and separate the second EHS output stream into a first LVS output stream comprising liquid carbon dioxide, and a second LVS output stream comprising non-condensable gases in the second EHS output stream and carbon dioxide vapor.