Concepts and technologies are disclosed herein for screening and selectively blocking private calls. A processor executing instructions associated with a private call blocking service can detect a call from a calling device directed to a called device. The processor can determine that the call has a caller identification blocking marker indicating that a fixed label should be provided to the called device to prevent the called device from presenting caller identification data associated with the calling device. In response to determining that the call has the caller identification blocking marker, the processor can obtain a custom private caller identification mask instead of the fixed label. The processor can provide the custom private caller identification mask to the called device for the call, where the custom private caller identification mask can be presented to a called party associated with the called device without revealing the caller identification data.