Disclosed are various examples for message-based management service enrollment. In one example, message data is received. The message data includes a device identifier of a client device, and a communication identifier of the client device. An enterprise is identified based on data that maps the enterprise to the network endpoint, and/or the message data. An account is created in association with the particular enterprise. A username for the account is generated using the device identifier and the communication identifier. A message is transmitted to the client device using its communication identifier. The message includes enrollment data that enables an enrollment of the client device in association with the account.