The lifting and lowering apparatus includes a plurality of shelf members 6 and 7 and a lifting and lowering mechanism 8. The shelf members 6 and 7 respectively include placing tables A and B positioned on different heights, and each placing table is provided with a conveying unit 10. The shelf members 6 and 7 are lifted and lowered by the lifting and lowering mechanism 8, whereby the placing table A (B) of the shelf member 6 (7) which is one of the shelf members 6 and 7 is adjusted to be on the same height as the placing table B (A) of the other shelf member 7 (6), and with this state, an object is transferred from the placing table of one of the shelf members to the placing table of the other shelf member. The shelf members 6 and 7 are again lifted and lowered to adjust the placing table B (A) of the other shelf member 7 (6) to be on the same height as the placing table A (B) which belongs to the shelf member 6 (7) and which is positioned on a different height, returns the object to the shelf member 6 (7), and transfers the object to the placing table A (B) which is positioned on a different height from the previous placing table A (B).