The present disclosure relates to a transmission/reception device, a transmission/reception method, and a program that enable transmission and reception in either a two-pole configuration or a three-pole configuration by switching with the same circuit configuration in human body communication.A first switch that switches, by on or off, connection to a human body side electrode connected to one of transmission drivers each transmitting a signal by a differential output, and a second switch that switches, by on or off, connection to a space side electrode connected to the other are provided, and in the case of the two-pole configuration, the switch to which the electrode is not connected is used by being fixed to off, the switch to which the electrode is connected is turned on at the time of transmission and turned off at the time of reception, and a terminal is grounded to which the electrode is not connected among terminals connected to a reception unit. Furthermore, in the case of the three-pole configuration, both switches are turned on at the time of transmission, and turned off at the time of reception. The present disclosure can be applied to a human body communication device.