Methods, systems, and computer-readable media for multithreaded rendering for virtualized graphics processing are disclosed. Commands for a GPU are generated by application threads executing in parallel on a computing device. A virtual GPU is implemented using a physical GPU in a GPU server and attached to the computing device over a network. The GPU server receives the commands from the computing device via the network. Individual commands are associated with identifiers of individual application threads. Based at least in part on the identifiers, the individual commands are assigned to individual execution threads on the GPU server. The individual execution threads correspond to individual application threads. GPU output is generated based at least in part on parallel execution of the commands using the execution threads.