The present invention relates to a method of providing image data based on cloud streaming. In particular, the method uses memory space of a terminal, prestores image data in the terminal, captures an execution screen regarding execution of a specific application, extracts video content from the prestored image data based on the captured execution screen and information regarding the execution screen, simultaneously encodes individual items of the extracted video content, and provides the encoded video content to a screen. Thus, according to the present invention, usage of the cloud streaming server and the network may be reduced by an amount commensurate with the resources utilization of the terminal. Network load may also be reduced when a live video or a VOD video is not being watched, and the rich GUI experience may be guaranteed in a standby state.