A vehicle seat sliding device includes a lower rail, an upper rail, a lock lever, a spring, and an operation handle. A first through hole and a second through hole which are separated from each other in a longitudinal direction of the upper rail are formed in the upper rail. The lock lever further has a first engaging part which abuts on an inner wall surface of the first through hole and a second engaging part which abuts on an inner wall surface of the second through hole. At least while the lock lever is rotated by the operation handle, the first engaging part is engaged by the first through hole, and the second engaging part is engaged by the second through hole.