An identity verification method and an identity verification apparatus based on a voiceprint are provided. The identity verification method based on a voiceprint includes: receiving an unknown voice; extracting a voiceprint of the unknown voice using a neural network-based voiceprint extractor which is obtained through pre-training; concatenating the extracted voiceprint with a pre-stored voiceprint to obtain a concatenated voiceprint; and performing judgment on the concatenated voiceprint using a pre-trained classification model, to verify whether the extracted voiceprint and the pre-stored voiceprint are from a same person. With the identity verification method and the identity verification apparatus, a holographic voiceprint of the speaker can be extracted from a short voice segment, such that the verification result is more robust.