Embodiments of the present application disclose a visible light-based communication method, a related device, and a related system. A first VLC device is configured to send a reporting indication message to a coordinator when a VPAN ID conflict occurs on a VPAN. The reporting indication message includes VPAN ID information detected by the first VLC device. A coordinator device is configured to receive the reporting indication message sent by the first VLC device. A coordinator device is configured to select a new VPAN ID based on the VPAN ID information to resolve the VPAN ID conflict effectively.