A multifunctional microwave plasma and ultraviolet light deodorization treatment unit, which includes: a rapid decomposition device (1), a high frequency plasma electric field (2), a microwave plasma electric field (3), a high intensity ultraviolet radiation field (4), a low temperature plasma electric field (5), a high intensity ozone gas reaction chamber (6), a reaction termination chamber (7) and a clean gas organization chamber (8) sequentially installed inside a horizontal rectangular box which has an elongated body defining a horizontal axis and has a channel cavity therein. The deodorization treatment unit further includes an exhaust gas odor collecting pipe and an odor gas storage cabinet (9) connected to an air pump (10), the air pump (10) is connected to an odor gas inlet of the rapid decomposition device (1), the clean gas organization chamber (8) has one end connected to a clean gas exhaust pipe.