A data processing apparatus includes: a receiving unit that receives first data defining a shape and a color of a three-dimensional object; and a generating unit, wherein when two or more color components interfere with each other in one voxel as a result of performing a halftoning process for each of plural color components based on color information in the first data, the generating unit generates color voxel data by assigning any one of the two or more color components in the first data as color information of the one voxel, using a density ratio of colors corresponding to the two or more color components in the first data.