Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for optimizing resource allocation are provided. One of the methods includes: processing a plurality of first objective functions in parallel to determine a plurality of allocation plans, wherein each of the allocation plans corresponds to allocating zero or more of a plurality of resources associated with a platform to a user, and the plurality of first objective functions share one or more dual multipliers; determining a plurality of profits and costs for the platform in parallel based on the plurality of the allocation plans; aggregating the calculated profits and costs using parallel reduction; updating the one or more dual multipliers based on the aggregated costs to determine whether an exit condition is satisfied; if the exit condition is not satisfied, repeating the processing the plurality of the first objective functions based on the updated dual multipliers.