Disclosed are methods and systems for performing data backup which implement data binning using log-structured merge (LSM) trees during deduplication. An exemplary method includes: calculating a reduced hash value (RHV) associated with each of a plurality of data blocks; partitioning the plurality of reduced hash values into groups; selecting a representative hash value for each group; determining whether the representative hash value occurs in a first LSM tree, the first LSM tree stored in a volatile memory; and when the representative hash value occurs in the first LSM tree: loading the RHVs in the representative hash value's group into volatile memory; comparing each of the RHVs to one or more hash values in a second LSM tree to identify a matching hash value; and writing a segment identifier (ID) corresponding to the matching hash value in an archive, which references a data block in a segment store.