Provided is a method for detecting a violent incident in a video based on a hypergraph transition model, comprising a procedure of extracting a foreground target track, a procedure of establishing a hypergraph and a similarity measure, and a procedure of constructing a hypergraph transition descriptor; using the hypergraph to describe a spatial relationship of feature points, in order to reflect attitude information about a movement; and modelling the transition of correlative hypergraphs in a time sequence and extracting a feature descriptor HVC, wherein same can effectively reflect the intensity and stability of the movement. The method firstly analyses the spatial relationship of the feature points and a transition condition of a feature point group, and then performs conjoint analysis on same. The method of the present invention is sensitive to disorderly and irregular behaviours in a video, wherein same is applicable to the detection of violent incidents.